The+Dynamic+Earth

Elaborations
 * == SCIENCE UNDERSTANDING ==
 * The theory of plate tectonics explains global patterns of geological activity and continental movement.
 * Recognising the major plates on a world map
 * Modelling sea-floor spreading
 * Relating the occurrence of earthquakes and volcanic activity to constructive and destructive plate boundaries
 * Considering the role of heat energy and convection currents in the movement of tectonic plates
 * Relating the extreme age and stability of a large part of the Australian continent to its plate tectonic history

=Assessment=

1. Analysing data see 8.4

2. Test

3. Education Perfect modules as set by the teacher ||
 * //** TEXTBOOK **// || //** PRACTICALS / ACTIVITIES **// || Homework and other activities and resources Extension ||  ||   ||
 * //** 8.1 The Earths Crust **//// p 294 //
 * Recognising the major plates on a world map
 * Structure of Earth,
 * Continental drift theories || # 1. Do this pretest first
 * 1) https://www.educationperfect.com/login/#Task=85772
 * 2) 2. //** Investigation 8.1 **//// Continental Drift p 295 model of continental drift //
 * 3) 3. ** eBookPLUS ** : eLesson Drifting Continents. Eles-0129
 * 4) 4. ** Text book ** Ques: p295, q 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ext 6, 7,
 * 5) ** Use clickview ** – Rise of the continents Australia [] 52 min [[image:A14.gif]]

[|http://www.3dgeography.co.uk/#!make-a-globe/cdox] Has downloadable templates of the earth etc

noteson fossils we have at school https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossopteris || ** eBookPLUS ** : Worksheet 8.1


 * Extension **

1. Video Clip: Plate Tectonics (5 mins) youtube

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Very good 14min video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kg_UBLFUpYQ

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and

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 * 2. //__ Use Google earth to find the sea floor trenches and plate boundaries or volcanoes __// **


 * 3. EXT -- Research “the formation of Iceland” – a good task for able students as it applies all the required knowledge and terms for this topic **


 * 4. extra resource on all of continental drift - -- this is a good resource for students to explore at their pace **

[] || ** Words to Learn **

Continental, Tectonic,, Pangea, Panthalassa, seismic, ||  || > [ eles-1086 ]
 * //** 8.2 Stability and Change: Plate tectonics **//// p 296 //
 * Modelling sea-floor spreading
 * Considering the role of heat energy and convection currents in the movement of tectonic plates
 * Relating the extreme age and stability of a large part of the Australian continent to its plate tectonic history || # ** 1. ** ** Text book – Read p 296 to 300. **
 * 1) 2. ** eBookPLUS ** : Worksheet 8.2
 * 2) 3. ** Text book ** Ques: p 300, q 1 to 6, ext 9, 10, 12, 13
 * 3) 4. ** eBookPLUS ** : eLesson drifting continent activity (eles-0129)
 * 4) ** 1. ** * ** EP -> **** yr 9 -> Earth and space science -> Changing earth -> 3. Plate tectonics (relevant modules) ** || ** eBookPLUS ** : Worksheet 8.2
 * Progress Test 8.1
 * (Homework)
 * Extension ** q 17 p285
 * ** [|Deep-sea mining] **

* || ** Words to Learn **

Convection mantle, oceanic, continental, magma, Gondwanaland, Laurasia, ||  ||
 * //** 8.3 Rocks under Pressure **//// p 301 //
 * Relating the occurrence of earthquakes and volcanic activity to constructive and destructive plate boundaries
 * Examples of rift valleys and mountain folding in Australia || * //** Investigation 8.2 **//// Modelling faults p 302 //
 * //** Investigation 8.3 **//// Modelling folds p 302 //
 * // eBookPLUS Doe the earth move? **Interactivities** ID int-0674 //
 * ** Text book ** p288 ques 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ext 6, 7
 * ** eBookPLUS ** : worksheet 8.3
 * Record examples of rift valleys and mountain folding in Australia p303 **


 * EP -> **** yr 9 -> Earth and space science -> Changing earth -> 4. Tectonic events (relevant modules) ** || ** Extension ** Victorias Geology

[] Watch the video again and record where you could take a visitor to see some folding and faulting and some volcanoes in Victoria


 * EP -> **** yr 9 -> Earth and space science -> Changing earth -> 4. Tectonic events (relevant modules) ** || ** Words to Learn **

Anticlines, synclines, rift valley, horst, slip fault ||  ||
 * ** 8.4 Shake, rattle and roll p304 **
 * Relating the occurrence of earthquakes and volcanic activity to constructive and destructive plate boundaries || * ** Investigation ** 68.4: seismograph. P 307
 * eBookPLUS worksheets 8.4 Earthquakes” and 8.5 “Plotting earthquake activity”
 * ** Text Book ** Read p 304 to end Ques 1 to 5 EXT 6, 7
 * eBookPLUS ** Web link q13.

Try this quiz about defintions. the link takes you to Education Perfect

https://www.educationperfect.com/login/#Task=85761

Video : Pacific ring of Fire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CH1jWhTH8Dg
 * //__ Note to teacher; could use this for a flipped lesson __//**

If you watch this carefully I think you will be able to answer most questions for this topic on the exam. || **//__ Analysis of data – submit for assessment – q8 p 308 __//**


 * Extension **

Geology of Victoria

videos from the Melbourne museum

1. Victorias Geology

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1.Victorias glaciers

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1.Victorias rainforests

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Richter scale, Seismic, seismograph, epicentre. tremor, tsunamis ||  ||
 * 8.5 Mountains of fire p 309Extension only if time permits || 1. TextBook p309 - 310.

2. Ques 1 to 9

3. eBookPLUS – eLesson - Volcanoes - eles-0130 || Disaster proof project.

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Class Notes Big ideas about this topic 1. Earths structure - 2. Convection currents in the mantle move the plates 3. Different types of plates There are 2 Different types of plates - oceanic plates that are very dense and continental plates that are less dense and float higher than the ocean plates. Oceanic plates are formed at a mid ocean ridge( M.O.R.) At the mid ocean ridge the plates are being forced apart by molten magma pushing up between the junction of the two plates. AS magma rises up and meets the ocean it cools a and becomes very dense oceanic plate. Thius helpds to force the plates apart.
 * crust - thin outer layer,broken into plates, floats on mantle.
 * mantle -partially molten rocks
 * outer core
 * inner core

The main force to drive this movement is the convection convection currents within the magma. The hot magMA rises, hits the cooler oceanic plate and travels horizontally dragging the oceanic plate with it. The further the magma gets away from the mid ocean ridge the cooler it gets and it starts to sink. This is how the seafloor spreads.

Converging plates a) oceanic meets continental plates This is how a subduction zone appears. The convection currents in the mantel have carried the oceanic plate towards the continental plate. The continental plate gets crumpled up and rides over the oceanic plate which is forced down under the continental plate. see diagramabove. The oceanic plate melts and forms huge bubble of magma that melt their way through the continental crust and make volcanoes.

b) continental plates meeting When 2 continental plates meet they are both pushed high into the air creating massive mountain ranges. Eg Himalayas

Analysing the movie of continental drift We can say the main continents as we know them today have changed their position by an amazing amount. The reason the plates moved is explained by the convection currents within the earths molten magma. These currents are bubbling up to the surface and then push the plates along. media type="custom" key="23718506" media type="custom" key="23648288"

A subduction zone is where the more dense oceanic plate slides under the less dense continental crust. Where they meet the ocean crust will be forced down into the mantle and melted. These molten bits of oceanic crust may bubble up and form volcanoes.

WHere continental plates collide they are both thrown upward forming huge mountain ranges like the Himalayas.

Where plates slide past each other we get lots of earth quakes Proof of continetal drift https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossopteris Folding When plates are pushed together the contintental crust can fold. It acts a bit like slabs of playdough. When the pressure pushes together and forces the layers of rock to dip down its called a SYNCLINE.

When the pressure in the crust forces the layers of rock to fold up and buckle it is called an ANTICLINE.

//**Faults**//.
If there is a weakness in the rocks (a fault) instead of the layers of rock bending one side might slide up over the other. - A REVERSE FAULT. If the pressure is pulling the rock s apart the layers of rocks might tear along the fault and one set of layers will drop below the other layers - a NORMAL FAULT see pics page 287.

//Earthquakes//
When large plates rub past each other it often is in a jerky motion - not a steady smooth sliding past. This jerky motion releases all the built up energy that is stored in the pressure between the plates. This resulting release of energy is called an earthquake.

//Types of waves in an earth quake//
There are three main types of wave that are generated by earthquakes: P-waves, S-waves and L-waves. These waves differ in their speed and the regions of the Earth through which they travel.  P-waves (or primary waves ) are __//**compression**//__ waves, moving through the Earth in the same way that sound waves move through air. They are the __//**fastest**//__ of the seismic waves. After the P-waves, the second sets of waves to be detected are the secondary waves or S-waves. These travel in the form of __//**transverse**//__ waves they aer the __//**second**//__ fastest The P and S waves travel through the body of the earth. L-waves are surface waves  and travel around the Earth - are the __//**slowest but do the most damage.**//__

Because of each waves different characterisitics they take a different amount of time to get to any given point on the earth.

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