Yr+8+Energy

Here is the progress test ** Year 8 //__TRANSFERRING AND TRANSFORMING ENERGY__// ****//__–__//****//__ Chapter 10 __//** page 307 |||| **Your Quest** Potential energy and kinetic energy ||  |||| ** Words to Learn ** Potential and kinetic energy || page 308 |||| **eLessons** Did you know that all energy is constantly being transformed and transferred from one object to another? There’s more going on in your world than meets the eye. **eles-0063**
 * Status || Open – Currently available to be taken online ||
 * Availability || Wednesday, 10/15/2014 until no end date ||
 * Access Code || S4P4 ||
 * Access Links ||
 * Test Link || @http://www.classroomclipboard.com/490625/Test/3FFC062CD8F244E5A0D770EE07504644 ||
 * ** Key Concepts ** ||  ||||||   ||
 * # 1. Kinetic Energy
 * 1) 2. Potential Energy
 * 2) 3. Different forms of energy and their effect
 * 3) 4. Transfer of energy
 * 4) 5. Heat energy as a by-product
 * 5) 6. Changes between different forms of energy |||||| NAME: ||
 * || ** Science Quest 8 **
 * // TEXTBOOK //** |||| ** SCIENCE Quest 8 ****// PRACTICALS / ACTIVITIES //** || ** SCIENCE Quest 8 **
 * // HOMEWORK //** |||| ** OTHER ACTIVITIES/RESOURCES ** ||
 * 1 || ** 10 Transferring and transforming energy **
 * 2 || **10.1 Matter and energy: Making things happen**
 * Energy in disguise**

1-5, 7,11 || **Interactivity** Use the **Coaster** interactivity in your eBookPLUS to identify the positions on a roller coaster rider where the car has more kinetic energy and where it has more gravitational potential energy.
 * Energy experiments:** from STELR workbook; jumping jacks, cotton reel cars etc. Efficiency of bouncing balls.
 * Questions:** p312

Learn about the exciting annual event where Australian high school students compete by building and racing model cars and boats.
 * int-0226** |||| ** Australian International Model Solar Challenge **

**eles-0068** Gravitational, electrical and chemical energy. Energy efficiency
 * Words to Learn **

page 313 |||| ** INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.1 ** ‘Moving Particles’ p328 1-6 || ** Investigate ** – Q 9 or 10 page 316 |||| ** Words to Learn ** Conduction, convection, radiant heat || page 317
 * INVESTIGATION: ** Qs 18 p 312 ||
 * 3 || **10.2 Hot moves**
 * Questions:** p316
 * 4 || ** 10.3 A costly escape **

Investigating insulators p318 1-3, 6, 7 |||| ** TASK: ** Find 5 ways that you reduce the loss of energy in your house and 5 ways that energy is lost at home. 10.3 A costly escape || ** Words to Learn ** insulation || page 319 |||| ** INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.3 ** 1-7, 10 || ** Investigate ** – Q 11 page 321
 * // Science as a human endeavour //** |||| ** INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.2 **
 * Questions:** p318
 * HW worksheet **
 * 5 || ** 10.4 Light energy **
 * Observing a radiometer p320 **
 * INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.4 **
 * Seeing the light p321 **
 * Questions:** p321

10.4 Light energy |||| ** Words to Learn ** Transmitted, absorbed, reflected, luminous, incandescent, bio-luminescent, scattered. || page 322 |||| ** INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.5 ** Q14 p326 |||| ** Words to Learn ** Vibration, compression ,rarefaction, sound waves, pitch, reverberations || 10.5 Energy: Puzzles || **Looking back** page 328 ||||   ||
 * HW worksheet **
 * 6 || ** 10.5 Sound energy **
 * Modelling sound waves p322 **
 * INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.6 **
 * Vibrations and pitch p324 **
 * INQUIRY: INVESTIGATION 10.7 **
 * Making it louder p325 **
 * Questions:** p326 Qs1-5 || **Create and explain;**
 * 7 || ** Revision and Test ** |||| [[file:Revision Yr 8 Energy.pdf]]
 * ||  || Revision questions ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

What is energy energy is the ability to do work. Work in science means making something happen. E.g. move, pull or push, heat up or cool down. Energy comes in a variety of forms. But energy can not be created nor destroyed. It does however, change form.

The different forms of energy are; sound, light, electrical, chemical, gravitational, nuclear, kinetic, and thermal or heat There are also potential energies like gravitational potentional energy, chemical P.E. Elastic P.E

some toys as examples the popper kinetic (me turning it inside out) to elastic potential E. To kinetic ( once it pops and flies up) to gravitational PE ( when it stops at the top of the flight) to kinetic E ( when it starts to fall back down)

cotton reel racer the energy transformation pathway is kinetic E turned the stick and made the elastic band tighter, this is elastic P E. When we let the stick go the elastic PE was converted to kinetic E.

=Energy Transformations= Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one from to another.

For example in the case of a solar panel supplying electricity to run a TV we have the following transformations: Heat and light E (from the sun) ---> electrical E (converted by the solar panel)---> Light, Sound and Heat E (in the TV showing a movie)

=Drawing Energy transformations= eg 1 electrical e to light e draw the flow chart for each. Of these examples eg 2 iPod battery to music eg3 person kicking a ball that bounces along the ground.

=Energy Transfer=

Aim
to draw a convection current

Method
1 set up equipment as shown 2. gently heat 3. add 1 crystal of potassium permanganate to the centre of the beaker using a straw. 4. Draw the convection current in your results

Light energy
5 sources of light energy are; sun, stars, torch, fire, light bulb these are incandescent - they are hot and glow brightly A firefly - glows because of bio luminescence A glow stick glows because of - chemo luminescence the moon shines because it reflects light from the sun. An LED - light emitting diode glows because of electron exciting A fluorescent light glows because the gas in the tube is excited to give off light energy

Light experiment Measure the strength of the light emitted by using a light meter
 * Voltage || Lux ||
 * 2 ||  ||
 * 4 ||  ||
 * 6 ||  ||
 * 8 ||  ||
 * 10 ||  ||
 * 12 ||  ||
 * Set the voltage to 8 ||  ||
 * Colour of paper || Lux ||
 * Yellow ||  ||
 * red ||  ||
 * orange ||  ||
 * blue ||  ||
 * white ||  ||
 * green ||  ||
 * other ||  ||
 * other ||  ||

The radiometer This is a vaccuum filled glass ball with a tuny paddle wheel inside - one side is of each paddle is white while the other side is black. The wheel does not turn in the dark but it does turn in the sunlight. Why is this so???

How the radiometer works http://science.howstuffworks.com/question239.htm

Light energy can travel as a wave. And these waves can be reflected or bent (refracted) or scattered to demonstrate a number of effects. Reflection is what you see in a mirror, Refraction is when you look at a stick or pencil in water and the pencil or stick appears bent.

Incandescent bulbs heat up so much that they glow bright. Alot of their energy is changed to heat ( which we probably did not want ) while the rest is light energy - (the form we did want)

Sound Energy
Sound energy travels in waves. We can here sound because the energy is passed from one air particle to the next. Sound waves travel in compression waves. Sound can not travel in a vacuum because there are no particles to transfer the sound energy

unavoidable loss of energy
when e is transformed from one form to another it does not all end up inthe form we may want. Have a look at eg 2 above. Electrical E was transformed into light, heat and sound even though we really only wanted the music.

Efficiency
This is a measure of the fraction of energy available that is transformed into the type of energy we want. Eg of the 100% of the electricity that goes into an electric light about 90% is transformed into heat and only 10% is transformed into light.

The rollercoaster game

http://rollercoastergamesonline.com/roller-coaster-games/digital-labs-coaster-creator

Types of waves
Energy travels in waves. There are 2 types of waves we use to describe sound

1. transverse waves are like the waves on water or at the beach.



2. compressional waves are like the waves in a compressed slinky. Sound Energy travels by this wave.

Transverse wavesLight travels in a transverse wave. A transverse wave is similar to the waves at the beach (that have not broken) or like ripples on a pond. We can make this type of wave by shaking a slinky from side to side.

Longitudinal Waves. These are sometimes called compressional waves. Sound travels in compressional waves. They look like this For sound to be transferred from one place to our ear there must be particles that can carry the sound. This is why sound does not travel in a vacuum.

Watch the movie of an iphone inside a guitar and watch the shape of the strings change as they vibrate to produce different notes.

https://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=video&cd=2&ved=0CB4QtwIwAWoVChMIkaLWi5iHyQIVweOmCh3g4g9i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DINqfM1kdfUc&usg=AFQjCNE2viX5KUd8pfxq-8Wg_yTTzsNYUg



making a musical instrument use strings rubber bands [aper etc to make an instrument that can play 4 distinct notes

 Revision questions Transforming Energy 2. For each of the above give an example of when it might be transformed and what E type it might be transformed into 3.Energy efficiency of a ball being dropped from 1m and bouncing back 30 cm is 4 How does house insulation effect convection conduction radiation 5. Draw a convection current found in water as its being heated 6. Draw an energy transformation flow diagram for each of the following a) an ipod being turned on to listen to music b) a wind up toy being wound up and then being let go to run across the floor 7. For each example in question 6 list some of the unwanted energies
 * 1) Where would you find examples of
 * Chemical energy
 * Potential chemical energy
 * nuclear energy
 * Light energy
 * Heat energy
 * elastic energy
 * gravitational potential energy
 * kinetic energy

Answers 2. For each of the above give an example of when it might be transformed and what E type it might be transformed into
 * 1) Where would you find examples of
 * Chemical energy --- coal batteries food
 * Potential chemical energy ---petrol ,coal, batteries, food,
 * nuclear energy ---bomb, powerplant, SUN
 * Light energy --sun, light bulbs
 * Heat energy - sun, fire
 * elastic energy elastic band,
 * gravitational potential energy, rock on the edge of a cliff, water held in a dam
 * kinetic energy --- moving body,
 * Chemical energy ---burn wood this transforms into heat
 * Potential chemical energy ---Food is digested and this provides Energy to move
 * nuclear energy --->Heat
 * Light energy -->Electrical E ( solar panels)
 * Heat energy --->Kinetic E ( heating air - hot air rises)
 * elastic energy>Kinetic E ( sling shot)
 * gravitational potential energy, water held in a dam -> Electrical energy ( hydro Electric power)
 * kinetic energy --- moving air - transformed into Electric Energy, (wind generator

3.Energy efficiency of a ball being dropped from 1m and bouncing back 30 cm is 30/100 = 30%

4 How does house insulation effect (reduce)
 * convection - forms a layer of trapped air to prevent conction
 * conduction - it does not conduct heat ( it is a poor conductor of heat)
 * radiation - reflects heat away from the room

5. Draw a convection current found in water as its being heated

6. Draw an energy transformation flow diagram for each of the following a) an ipod being turned on to listen to music Stored chemical E in the battery --->Electrical E > Sound E (+ Light E)

b) a wind up toy being wound up and then being let go to run across the floor Kinetic E ( to wind up the toy) --> stored as elastic potential E --> kinetic E (+Heat E + sound E)

7. For each example in question 6 list some of the unwanted energies